A comprehensive study of the Riyadh region that includes the analysis of the hydrological systems of the basins that flow into the main cities of the governorates of the region and the identification of the sites of the risk of floods within the geographical scope of these cities, considering the population distribution in them. This study mainly depends on the use of space techniques and geoinformatics systems through a set of space images taken using satellites of different spectral and optical specifications. To determine the specifications of the soil surface in the Riyadh region digitally to conduct electronic drawing operations for water valleys and collection basins and determine the patterns of water flow from different systemic applications. Considering this, calculations are carried out for important morphometric and geometric formulas, which are a digital database of the main elements required to study floods and their hazards and carry out mitigation and protection works from natural hazards.