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GENERAL
Origin
:
sub-tropical,
tropical
Humidity
:
semi-humid, very
humid, extremely
humid
Propagation :
sowing and
pricking out,
cuttings
Maintenance :
high
CONDITIONS
Dessication :
vulnerable
Stagnant water :
vulnerable
Irrigation
:
medium
Salinity/ppm :
moderate (2000
ppm)
Hardiness
:
-6°C
SHAPE
Type
:
tree
Height
:
15 m
Spread
:
12 m
Foliage
:
semi-evergreen,
evergreen
FLOWER
Colour
:
white
Size
:
40 cm
Period
:
April - September
Smell
:
scented
FRUIT
Type of fruit :
drupe(fleshy/
juicy)
Fruit size
:
1 cm
Toxicity
:
poisonous
Citharexylum spinosum syn. quadrangulare is an evergreen, medium-sized tree, which grows to
a height of 15 metres and is beautiful because of its long tassels of richly scented, white flowers.
It has, no spines, but smooth, quadrangular twigs. The bark is light brown, and becomes fissured
with maturity. Its common name is Fiddlewood and it is a native of the West Indies, where it
generally grows in wet habitats below 500 metres elevation in agricultural, coastland and urban
areas. Leaves are ovate and have orange petioles. They turn an orange-brown colour during the
dry season, and without regular irrigation the tree can be deciduous. Flowers borne in racemes
cover the tree from spring to autumn. The fruits are red to black drupes. Hardy to –6°C, C. spi-
nosum requires full sun to partial shade and grows in most soils, preferring neutral to mildly
alkaline, well-drained soils. Fiddlewood trees should not be overwatered. Propagation is best
from woody stem cuttings or seeds. Easy to grow, and with its dark-green, shiny and ornamental
foliage, it makes a good tree for landscape use. It does, however, have major disadvantages in that
all parts of the plant are poisonous and it may become an invasive, noxious weed. C. spinosum is
a tree that is now being planted in Arriyadh for its aesthetic appeal. Its roots are very aggressive.
Regular pruning is necessary to shape trees. If removal of the tree is desired, it is necessary that
the whole root mass also be removed, since C. spinosum will grow back quickly from a cut down
trunk.
102
Citharexylum quadrangulare,
Verbenaceae
Fiddlewood